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Quick Reference: Bekerja dengan Orang Sulit

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“Jika peradaban adalah untuk bertahan hidup, kita harus menanamkan ilmu hubungan manusia – kemampuan untuk semua orang, dari semua jenis, untuk hidup bersama, dalam dunia yang sama pada perdamaian.” — Franklin D. Roosevelt

Saya menulis artikel ini setelah membaca salah satu note teman saya di facebook. Sungguh menarik melihat bagaimana dia bisa mengingat terus kejadian pahit yg sudah terjadi bertahun-tahun silam, seolah-olah masalah ini baru terjadi kemaren sore. :)

Anda sendiri pasti pernah bertemu dengan orang² sulit dalam hidup ini bukan? Definisi “SULIT” memang tidak sama bagi semua orang. Bahkan bisa jadi bagi mereka yang Anda anggap sulit, justru memandang diri Anda lah yang sulit, bukan mereka! Ingat: Everybody is somebody’s difficult person sometime. Well, yang jelas orang² seperti ini tidak dilahirkan begitu saja. Ada latar belakang yang sangat-sangat kuat yang membentuk karakter demikian. Bisa jadi tingkat stress yang sangat tinggi untuk mengubah lingkungan, entah itu lingkungan pekerjaan, organisasi, masyarakat, dsb; atau mereka merasa terancam jika ada orang lain yang lebih mengerti dari mereka. Tapi yang pasti landasan yang kuat ini tidak sepenuhnya jelek, justru biasanya banyak landasan yang bagus, hanya saja masalahnya adalah: mereka tidak fleksibel dan tidak mau mempelajari behavior orang lain. Sehingga memaksa dengan segenap cara agar orang lain bekerja dengan gaya mereka dan masuk ke dalam sistem mereka. Padahal kita tidak sepenuhnya bisa mengubah orang lain. Orang lain bisa berubah karena kelemahlembutan Anda dalam mengajarkan ilmu. Mereka akan belajar dari Anda, bukan karena dijepit dan dipaksa masuk ke dalam perangkap sistem yang Anda buat.

Keberagaman tingkah laku manusia bukan untuk diubah, tetapi diselaraskan. Allah menciptakan manusia dengan beragam karakter bukan tanpa alasan. Bahkan agama sekalipun tidak mengubah karakter dasar seseorang menjadi sama semuanya. Sahabat nabi Umar ra yang terkenal bengis sekalipun adalah orang yang sama sebelum dan sesudah masuk Islam. Hanya saja semua potensi keberanian yang ada padanya diarahkan untuk membela Islam.

Nah lalu bagaimana jika Anda berhadapan dengan orang² bermasalah seperti ini? Yang jelas Anda harus selalu ingat bahwa tujuan dari konflik bukan untuk menghilangkan konflik (atau membunuh karakter orang lain?), tetapi untuk menangani masalah itu secara konstruktif. Oke, nah lalu bagaimana caranya? Tidak bisa disamakan bagaimana mengatasinya, karena “DIFFICULT” ini juga banyak sekali jenisnya. Tapi setidaknya ada 10 difficult behaviors utama yang coba dipetakan oleh Rob Houser:

Behavior Name

Typical Actions

Positive Intent

Basic Coping Strategy

Sherman Tanks Pushy, abrupt, and even hostile. Attack until others move out of the way or accept their view of the world. Aggravated by too much discussion or friendly chat. Get it done

  1. Hold your ground, but don’t fight back.
  2. Interrupt the attack by repeating name.
  3. Restate the problem.
  4. State your own opinions forcefully.
  5. Be ready to be friendly.
Snipers Hide in crowds. Use jokes and sarcasm to sidetrack, humiliate, and embarrass people. May roll eyes to distract you. Can become tanks if exposed. Friendly snipers use humor to get attention from the group. Get it done

Get appreciated

  1. Surface the attack immediately
  2. Ask about intent and relevancy.
  3. Seek group consensus of criticism.
  4. Solve the problem, if any exists.
  5. Resolve on-going problems in private.
Exploders Feel thwarted and threatened so they “act out” through tantrums. May storm out of the room or attack others verbally without explanation. May cry or look silently enraged. Get appreciated

  1. Give them time to run down.
  2. Get their attention.
  3. Show that you take them seriously.
  4. Reduce intensity. Take a break.
  5. Identify and solve underlying problems.
Know-it-all Experts Extremely confident in their abilities. Very accurate and thorough. Tend to ignore other opinions. Quick to criticize and pick at others. Don’t like to be contradicted. Get it done

  1. Be prepared and know your stuff.
  2. Listen and acknowledge respectfully.
  3. Present your views indirectly.
  4. Turn them into mentors.
Think-they-know-it-alls Act like experts. Charismatic or enthusiastic talkers. Like to pontificate about subject in front of others, even though they are not really experts. Tend to be generalists in many fields. Get appreciated

  1. Give them a little attention.
  2. Clarify for specifics.
  3. State facts or alternative opinions.
  4. Allow them to save face.
  5. Break the cycle.
Super-agreeables Try to please everyone by doing what is asked while sometimes feeling put upon. Over-commit so much that they perform poorly. Use humor to reveal issues. Get along

  1. Make it safe to be honest.
  2. Talk personally and honestly.
  3. Help them learn to plan realistically.
  4. Ensure commitment.
  5. Strengthen the relationship.
Indecisives Avoid making decisions for fear of harming a personal relationship. Hint or beat around the bush to remain honest. Try to postpone decisions until they are not necessary. Get along

  1. Establish a comfort zone.
  2. Surface the issues.
  3. Help them problem solve.
  4. Reassure, then ensure follow through.
  5. Strengthen the relationship.
Unresponsives Withdraw from others when frustrated. Stop talking although they appear angry. Wash hands of decision rather than try to influence it. Don’t like to rush into action without understanding the background and the details of a project. Get it right

  1. Be prepared to wait.
  2. Ask open-ended questions expectantly.
  3. Avoid filling quiet pauses with talk.
  4. Help break the tension.
  5. Guess.
  6. Show the future.
Negativists Feel hopeless to enact change. Destroy morale. React strongly to problem solving or process changes. Sound bitterer and more hopeless than complainers. Get it right

  1. Avoid getting drawn in.
  2. Don’t argue.
  3. Explore the problem before solutions.
  4. Describe the worst case situation.
  5. Use them as a resource.
  6. Wait for them, but be prepared to act.
Complainers Whine and speak in generalizations about problems. Focus on problems, not solutions. Believe someone else should fix the problem. Get it right

  1. Listen for the main points
  2. Acknowledge, interrupt and get specific.
  3. Don’t agree or apologize. State facts.
  4. Switch to problem solving.
  5. Draw the line. How should this end?

Compiled from “Dealing with People You Can’t Stand” by Dr. Rick Brinkman and Dr. Rick Kirschner and “Coping with Difficult People” by Dr. Robert M. Bramson. Source: Userassistance

Regards,

|Alva Hendi|

Written by Alva Hendi

25 March 2009 at 06:48

Posted in Lifelong Learning

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